Mukugadzira simbi yekucheka, pachave neyakasiyana workpiece zvinhu, zvakasiyana-siyana kucheka kwayo kuumbwa uye kubviswa maitiro akasiyana, isu tinokwanisa sei hunhu hwezvinhu zvakasiyana?ISO yakajairwa simbi zvinhu zvakakamurwa kuita matanhatu emhando mapoka, rimwe nerimwe rine akasiyana zvivakwa maererano nemachinability uye richapfupikiswa zvakasiyana muchinyorwa ichi.
Metal zvinhu zvakakamurwa kuva 6 mapoka:
(1) P-simbi
(2) M-simbi isina tsvina
(3) K-cast iron
(4) N- isiri-ferrous simbi
(5) S- Heat resistant alloy
(6) H-yakaoma simbi
Chii chinonzi simbi?
- Simbi ndiro boka guru rezvinhu mumunda wekucheka simbi.
-Simbi inogona kuve isina kuomeswa kana kushatirwa simbi (kuoma kusvika ku400HB).
-Simbi ndeye alloy ine iron (Fe) sechikamu chayo chikuru.Inogadzirwa nenzira yekunyungudutsa.
-Simbi isina kuvharwa ine kabhoni yemukati isingasviki 0.8%, chete Fe uye hapana zvimwe zvinosanganiswa zvinhu.
- Iyo kabhoni yemukati yealloy simbi isingasviki 1.7%, uye alloying zvinhu zvinowedzerwa, senge Ni, Cr, Mo, V, W, nezvimwe.
- Yakaderera kabhoni yemukati = yakaoma viscous zvinhu.
- Yakakwira kabhoni yemukati = brittle zvinhu.
Maitiro ekugadzirisa:
- Yakareba chip zvinhu.
- Chip control iri nyore uye yakatsetseka.
- Simbi yakapfava inonamira uye inoda kucheka kunopinza.
- Chikamu chekucheka simba kc: 1500 ~ 3100 N/mm².
- Simba rekucheka uye simba rinodiwa kugadzirisa ISO P zvinhu zviri mukati mehuwandu hushoma hwehuwandu.
Chii chinonzi Stainless steel?
- Simbi isina tsvina ndeye alloy zvinhu zvine kanenge 11% ~ 12% chromium.
- Iyo kabhoni yemukati kazhinji yakaderera kwazvo (yakaderera se0.01% Max).
- Ma alloys anonyanya kuve Ni (nickel), Mo (molybdenum) uye Ti (titanium).
- Inoumba dense layer yeCr2O3 pamusoro pesimbi, ichiita kuti isarambe iine ngura.
MuBoka M, mazhinji ekushandisa ari mumafuta negasi, pombi yekumisikidza, flanges, kugadzira uye maindasitiri emishonga.
Izvo zvinhu zvinoumba zvisina kujairika, zvinyoro nyoro uye zvine simba rekucheka rakakwira kupfuura simbi yakajairwa.Kune marudzi akawanda akasiyana-siyana esimbi isina tsvina.Chip breaking performance (kubva nyore kusvika kusingaite kutyora machipisi) inosiyana zvichienderana nearoyi maitiro uye kupisa kupisa.
Maitiro ekugadzirisa:
- Yakareba chip zvinhu.
Chip control iri nyore muferrite uye yakanyanya kuoma mu austenite uye biphase.
- Chikamu chekucheka simba: 1800 ~ 2850 N / mm².
- Yakakwira yekucheka simba, chip kuvaka, kupisa uye kushanda kuomesa panguva yekugadzira.
Chii chinonzi iron iron?
Kune marudzi matatu makuru esimbi yakakandwa: grey cast iron (GCI), nodular cast iron (NCI) uye vermicular cast iron (CGI).
- Cast iron inonyanya kuumbwa neFe-C, ine yakakwira silicon yemukati (1% ~ 3%).
- Carbon yemukati inopfuura 2%, inova yakanyanya solubility yeC muchikamu che austenite.
- Cr (chromium), Mo (molybdenum) uye V (vanadium) inowedzerwa kuumba carbides, kuwedzera simba uye kuoma asi kuderedza machinability.
Boka K rinonyanya kushandiswa muzvikamu zvemotokari, kugadzira muchina uye kugadzira simbi.
Iyo chip kuumbwa kwezvinhu inosiyana, kubva kunenge machipisi ehupfu kusvika kumachipisi marefu.Simba rinodiwa kugadzirisa boka rezvinhu iri rinowanzova diki.
Ziva kuti pane musiyano mukuru pakati pegrey cast iron (iyo inowanzova nemachipisi angangoita upfu) uye ductile cast iron, iyo chip breaking inowanzofanana nesimbi.
Maitiro ekugadzirisa:
- Short chip zvinhu.
- Yakanaka chip control mumamiriro ese ekushanda.
- Chikamu chekucheka simba: 790 ~ 1350 N/mm².
-Abrasive kupfeka kunoitika kana machining nekumhanya kwakanyanya.
- Simba rekucheka pakati.
Ndezvipi zvisiri-ferrous zvinhu?
-Ichi chikamu chine simbi dzisiri-ferrous, simbi dzakapfava dzine kuoma kuri pasi pe130HB.
Nonferrous metal (Al) alloys ane ingangoita 22% silicon (Si) inoita chikamu chikuru.
- Mhangura, ndarira, ndarira.
Vagadziri vendege uye vagadziri vealuminium alloy mota mavhiri vanotonga Boka N.
Kunyangwe simba rinodiwa pa mm³ (cubic inch) rakaderera, zvichiri kudikanwa kuverenga iyo yakanyanya simba inodiwa kuti uwane yakakwira simbi yekubvisa mwero.
Maitiro ekugadzirisa:
- Yakareba chip zvinhu.
- Kana iri alloy, chip control iri nyore.
- Masimbi asina-ferrous (Al) anonamira uye anoda kushandiswa kweakapinza kucheka mipendero.
- Chikamu chekucheka simba: 350 ~ 700 N/mm².
- Simba rekucheka uye simba rinodiwa kugadzirisa ISO N zvinhu zviri mukati mehuwandu hushoma hwehukoshi.
Chii chinonzi heat resistant alloy?
Alloys anodzivirira kupisa (HRSA) anosanganisira akawanda alloyed iron, nickel, cobalt kana titanium-based materials.
- Boka: Iron, nickel, cobalt.
- Mamiriro ekushanda: annealing, mhinduro yekupisa kurapwa, kuchembera kurapwa, rolling, forging, casting.
Features:
Yakakwira alloy yemukati (cobalt yakakwira kupfuura nickel) inova nechokwadi chekupisa kupisa, kusimba kwepamusoro uye kusimba kwekurara.
S-boka zvinhu, izvo zvakaoma kugadzirisa, zvinonyanya kushandiswa mune aerospace, gasi turbine uye generator maindasitiri.
Rudzi rwacho rwakakura, asi masimba makuru ekucheka anowanzo aripo.
Maitiro ekugadzirisa:
- Yakareba chip zvinhu.
- Chip control yakaoma (jagged chips).
-Anegetive front Angle inodiwa kune ceramics uye yakanaka yemberi Angle inodiwa kune simende carbide.
-Uniti yekucheka simba:
Kune alloys anodzivirira kupisa: 2400 ~ 3100 N/mm².
Yetitanium alloy: 1300 ~ 1400 N/mm².
- High kutema simba uye simba rinodiwa.
Chii chinonzi simbi yakaoma?
- Kubva pakuona kwekugadzirisa, simbi yakaomeswa ndeimwe yezvidiki zviduku.
-Iri boka rine simbi dzakadzika nekuoma> 45 kusvika 65HRC.
- Kazhinji, kuomarara kwezvikamu zvakaoma zviri kushandurwa kunowanzo pakati pe55 ne68HRC.
Simbi dzakaomeswa muBoka H dzinoshandiswa mumaindasitiri akasiyana siyana, senge indasitiri yemotokari uye macontractors ayo, pamwe nekuvaka muchina uye mold mashandiro.
Kazhinji inoenderera, tsvuku-inopisa machipisi.Iyi tembiricha yepamusoro inobatsira kudzikisa kukosha kwekc1, izvo zvakakosha kubatsira kugadzirisa matambudziko ekushandisa.
Maitiro ekugadzirisa:
- Yakareba chip zvinhu.
- Zvishoma zvakanaka chip control.
- Inoda negative front Angle.
- Chikamu chekucheka simba: 2550 ~ 4870 N/mm².
- High kutema simba uye simba rinodiwa.
Nguva yekutumira: Jul-24-2023